Which term refers to medication applied to the surface of the skin?

The term referring to medication applied to the surface of the skin is "topical." Topical medications are designed to be administered directly onto the skin's surface for localized effect, treating conditions such as rashes, infections, or pain in a specific area. These medications can come in various forms, including creams, ointments, gels, or patches, allowing them to provide relief directly at the site of application without entering the bloodstream in significant amounts.

In contrast, inhalation is the process of administering medication through the respiratory system, often for conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Transdermal refers specifically to medications designed to be absorbed through the skin and into systemic circulation, such as hormone patches or pain relief patches. Intravenous administration involves delivering medication directly into the bloodstream through a vein, which is used for immediate systemic effects. Understanding these various routes of medication administration helps nurses and healthcare providers select the appropriate treatment modalities for their patients.