What is the primary cause of diabetic neuropathy?

The primary cause of diabetic neuropathy is nerve damage resulting from poor circulation, which is closely related to high blood sugar levels experienced in diabetes. Prolonged elevated blood glucose can lead to the production of harmful substances that damage the nerve fibers. Additionally, chronic high glucose levels affect blood vessels, contributing to poor circulation. This combination of factors results in reduced blood flow to nerves and can lead to neuropathy, particularly in the extremities.

While infections, excessive weight gain, and high carbohydrate intake can all contribute to the overall management of diabetes and possibly exacerbate complications, they do not directly cause diabetic neuropathy in the way that poor circulation and nerve damage from sustained hyperglycemia do. Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of maintaining optimal blood sugar levels and promoting healthy circulation in diabetic patients to prevent or slow the progression of neuropathy.